ABSTRACT
We investigated the demographic characteristics and risk factors of Korean patients with naIve central or branch retinal vein occlusion (CRVO or BRVO). This study enrolled 41 clinical sites throughout Korea and included 557 consecutive patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) from May through November 2010. A total of 557 patients with new-onset RVO participated in this study. Two hundred and three (36.4%) patients were diagnosed with CRVO and 354 (63.6%) patients were diagnosed with BRVO. Comparisons between the two groups showed that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in CRVO patients and hypertension was significantly higher in BRVO patients (P = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Poor baseline visual acuity was significantly associated with female and old age in BRVO patients (P = 0.002 and 0.013, respectively), whereas the wide intraretinal hemorrhage (CRVO, P = 0.029; BRVO, P < 0.001) and the macular ischemia (CRVO, P < 0.001; BRVO, P < 0.001) were associated with both groups. The study results show the clinical features of RVO in Korean patients. Hypertension is strongly associated with BRVO and diabetes mellitus is more strongly associated with CRVO in Korean patients with RVO. As the first nationwide study performed by the Korean Retinal Society, the results of this study can be applied to future studies on RVO.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Factors , Asian People , Demography , Diabetes Complications , Hypertension/complications , Regression Analysis , Republic of Korea , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Retinal Vein Occlusion/complications , Risk Factors , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
We report a rare presentation of brucellosis as bilateral optic nerve and right abducent nerve involvement, and endocarditis complicated by right premacular hemorrhage in a 28-year-old white female. The patient showed improvement with both medical and surgical therapy. Brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of papillitis, gaze palsy and endocarditis complicated with premacular hemorrhage in endemic regions.
Subject(s)
Adult , Brucellosis/complications , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Endocarditis/complications , Female , Humans , Ophthalmoplegia/complications , Papilledema/complications , Retinal Hemorrhage/complicationsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of acute angle-closure glaucoma resulting from spontaneous hemorrhagic retinal detachment. METHODS: An 81-year-old woman visited our emergency room for severe ocular pain and vision loss in her left eye. Her intraocular pressures (IOPs) were 14 mmHg in the right eye and 58 mmHg in the left eye. Her visual acuity was 0.4 in the right eye but she had no light perception in the left eye. The left anterior chamber depth was shallow and gonioscopy of the left eye showed a closed angle. In comparison, the right anterior chamber depth was normal and showed a wide, open angle. Computed tomography and ultrasonography demonstrated retinal detachment due to subretinal hemorrhage. After systemic and topical antiglaucoma medications failed to relieve her intractable severe ocular pain, she underwent enucleation. RESULTS: The ocular pathology specimen showed that a large subretinal hemorrhage caused retinal detachment and pushed displaced the lens-iris diaphragm, resulting in secondary angle-closure glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged anticoagulant therapy may cause hemorrhagic retinal detachment and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. If medical therapy fails to relieve pain or if there is suspicion of an intraocular tumor, enucleation should be considered as a therapeutic option.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/etiology , Eye Enucleation , Acute DiseaseABSTRACT
Submacular haemorrhage is an important cause for sudden visual loss needing immediate intervention. We report a case of submacular haemorrhage causing profound visual loss, which resolved after intravitreal injection of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas followed by strict prone positioning.
Subject(s)
Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Fluorocarbons/administration & dosage , Humans , Injections , Macula Lutea/drug effects , Middle Aged , Prone Position , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Vision Disorders/drug therapy , Vitreous BodyABSTRACT
A young male patient, a known case of Eale's disease presented with a large isolated aneurysm of the extra-cranial part of internal carotid artery. Detailed investigation failed to establish the etiology of the aneurysm, and it is possible that the underlying pathology may be the same as that of Eale's disease. Eale's disease is an idiopathic vascular disease of the peripheral retina and we hypothesize that aneurysm in this patient may be associated with Eale's disease of the eye.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aneurysm/complications , Angiography , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Retinal Hemorrhage/complicationsABSTRACT
Eales' disease is a primary retinal perivasculitis of an undetermined etiology seen predominantly in the Indian subcontinent. However, neurological involvement is rare. We report here a patient of retinal perivasculitis with neurological dysfunction. Our patient is a 39 years male who developed acute diminished vision right eye in March 99, which progressed for four days and remained static. In April 99 he developed acute diminished vision left eye, which progressed to near total blindness in 48 hours. He was undergoing ophthalmic evaluation. Fourty five days later he developed incoordination and weakness left half of body. The examination revealed bilateral retinal perivasculitis with pyramidal signs and left sided cerebellar signs. Investigations revealed an ESR of 40 mm at the end of first hour. His CT head revealed bilateral basal ganglionic infarcts. MRI head revealed enhancing lesions both basal ganglia and right parietal region. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed xanthochromic fluid with markedly elevated protein and lymphocytic pleocytosis. His workup for connective tissue disorders was negative. He was put on ATT with steroids. Eales' disease is presumed allergy to tuberculoprotein. A trial of ATT with steroids has been tried with varying results. Our patient had bilateral retinal perivasculitis and neurological dysfunction. He had lymphocytic pleocytosis with markedly elevated protein in the CSF.
Subject(s)
Adult , Central Nervous System Diseases/complications , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Male , Retinal Diseases/complications , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Vasculitis/complicationsABSTRACT
The visual results of laser photocoagulation for subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) has not always been satisfactory. The surgical removal of the neovascular membrane may be another treatment option. To investigate the prognosis and risk factors of this surgery, we analyzed the results of surgical removal of subfoveal CNVM (23 eyes), subfoveal hemorrhage with CNVM (6 eyes), and subfoveal hemorrhage alone (6 eyes). The mean follow-up period was 17.7 months (range 2 to 47 months). The mean preoperative membrane size was 0.89 disc diameter and the mean postoperative retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) defect size was 1.33 disc diameter. Visual improvement was observed in 13 out of the 23 eyes (56.5%) with sufoveal CNVM, four out of the six eyes (66.6%) with subretinal hemorrhage and CNVM, and five out of the six eyes (83.3%) with subretinal hemorrhage only. The visual outcome of subfoveal CNVM surgery was related to the presence of a subfoveal RPE defect (p = 0.005) rather than to the size of the RPE defect. No recurrence of neovascular membrane was observed during the follow up period. In conclusion, surgical removal may be a good alternative treatment for subfoveal CNVM.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Choroidal Neovascularization/surgery , Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis , Choroidal Neovascularization/complications , Comparative Study , Fluorescein Angiography , Fovea Centralis/surgery , Fovea Centralis/pathology , Fundus Oculi , Laser Coagulation , Middle Aged , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/pathology , Prognosis , Retinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Retinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Terson's syndrome is characterized by presence of a subarachnoid hemorrhage accompanied by retinal and vireous hemorrhage leading to a not very favorable prognosis. We describe a case with a good outcome, probably because of a early diagnosis and medical intervention. We emphasize the routine optician's check up as very important in the evaluation of a prognosis in the cases of a suspect intracranial hemorrhage.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/complications , Vitreous Hemorrhage/complications , Follow-Up Studies , Retinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Syndrome , Vitreous Hemorrhage/diagnosisABSTRACT
Os autores autores apresentam dois pacientes portadores de hemorragia corio-vitreo-retiniana relacionada com a desaceleraçäo rápida provocada pela queda livre em parque de diversöes. É de se esperar que estes hematomas reabsorvam espontaneamente. É discutida a possível etiologia desta nova entidade e o tratamento realizado nestes 2 casos
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Deceleration/adverse effects , Play and Playthings/injuries , Retinal Hemorrhage/complicationsABSTRACT
Choroidal neovascular membranes are often poorly defined on fluorescein angiography because of fluorescein leakage or blockage of hyperfluorescence by overlying hemorrhage, lipid, turbid fluid, or pigment. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a highly protein-bound dye in the near infrared portion of the spectrum. Therefore, ICG remained in and around the neovascular membrane and enhanced the visualization of certain membranes poorly defined with fluorescein. ICG penetrated through the overlying turbid tissue, and improved the visualization of the underlying choroidal neovascular membrane. Using an infrared angiography system, the authors obtained 21 ICG-angiograms with suspected choroidal neovascularization, and compared them to fluorescein angiograms. In 5 of the 21 eyes, occult choroidal neovascularization was well delineated on the ICG angiograms. In 2 eyes, we were able to detect a well-defined choroidal neovascular membrane underlying a subretinal hemorrhage. In 12 of the 21 eyes with choroidal neovascular membrane, we performed argon-green laser photocoagulation applying the overlay technique of the ICG angiogram to red-free photo or the early fluorescein angiogram, and evaluated the effect of full coverage laser treatment.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Choroid/blood supply , Fluorescein Angiography/methods , Fundus Oculi , Indocyanine Green , Laser Coagulation , Macular Degeneration/complications , Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
The first Thai case of Eales' disease with myelopathy is reported. This entity must be differentiated from other causes of myelopathy such as those due to infectious-inflammatory causes. The ophthalmologic findings are the most important diagnostic clues. Since many infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and dental sepsis may be potentially related to Eales' disease, and these infections are rather common in Thailand, the diagnosis of Eales' disease with neurological complications especially myelopathy should be looked for.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Retinal Diseases/complications , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Vitreous Hemorrhage/complicationsABSTRACT
Pre-vitrectomy errors in diagnostic A & B mode ultrasound may result in affection of the surgical outcome. We have done a retrospective analysis of fifty patients who were screened by both A & B mode echography and analyzed the data which revealed that real-time kinetic echography is required for accurate interpretation of the vitreoretinal status. Besides, quantitative A scan examination also has fallacies due to the echo beam not striking the sclerochoroid complex at right angles, and a modification of this technique is suggested. Lastly old retinal detachments may not produce echo-patterns diagnostic of retinal detachments resulting in fallacious interpretation. We recommend that combined A mode and real time B-mode and often repeat echography is essential for accuracy in diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy/complications , Diagnostic Errors , Humans , Retinal Hemorrhage/complications , Retrospective Studies , Vitrectomy , Vitreous Hemorrhage/etiologyABSTRACT
Debido a la alta incidencia de patología del segmento posterior en pacientes con catarata, el ultrasonido actualmente juega un papel muy importante en el estableimiento del pronóstico anatomo-funcional post-extracción de catarata. Decidimos determinar la utilidad de la ultrasonografía como método diagnóstico en estos casos. Se realizó el estudio ecográfico preoperatorio en 106 pacientes con cataratas de etiología variada y se corroboró el diagnóstico clinicamente en el postoperatorio mediato. Obtuvimos un 97.8%de aciertos en los diagnósticos ecográficos lo cual indica un alto índice de confiabilidad en el exámen